Note: For all the norms below, ratings were made on 0-to-4 scales.

U.S. Adult Norms

Below are descriptive statistics for the 64-item version of the CSIV from the online "Prolific" sample of U.S. adults collected as part of the study reported in: Hopwood, C. H., Stahlmann, A. G., & Bleidorn, W. (2022). Personality and compassion for animals. Anthrozoös, 36, 69-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.2022.2084996. The participants contributing to the norms below were 494 women, 473 men, and 13 other/non-binary.

All Participants Women Men
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
PA (+A) 2.17 0.74 2.21 0.69 2.14 0.78
BC (+A-C) 1.12 0.75 1.05 0.72 1.20 0.78
DE (-C) 1.11 0.77 1.04 0.77 1.19 0.77
FG (-A-C) 1.75 0.79 1.75 0.80 1.76 0.79
HI (-A) 1.94 0.8 1.94 0.80 1.93 0.81
JK (-A+C) 2.46 0.77 2.55 0.73 2.37 0.80
LM (+C) 2.56 0.78 2.73 0.74 2.39 0.79
NO (+A+C) 2.61 0.72 2.71 0.66 2.50 0.77
M Rating (Elevation) 1.97 0.56 2.00 0.52 2.94 0.59

U.S. Undergraduate Student Norms

Below are descriptive statistics for the 64-item version of the CSIV I administered to 1,200 University of Idaho undergraduates during the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Mean SD
PA (+A) 2.53 0.63
BC (+A-C) 1.38 0.71
DE (-C) 1.10 0.70
FG (-A-C) 1.66 0.78
HI (-A) 1.77 0.75
JK (-A+C) 2.67 0.71
LM (+C) 2.83 0.69
NO (+A+C 2.93 0.57
Mean Rating (ELE) 2.11 0.48

32-Item Version - U.S. Adult Norms

Below are descriptive statistics for the 32-item version of the CSIV administered to 1,244 MTurk participants in Locke & Adamic's (2012) Studies 3-4.

Mean SD
PA (+A) 1.94 0.78
BC (+A-C) 1.09 0.82
DE (-C) 1.32 0.85
FG (-A-C) 1.66 0.88
HI (-A) 1.53 0.86
JK (-A+C) 2.34 0.83
LM (+C) 2.15 0.87
NO (+A+C 2.44 0.73
Mean Rating (ELE) 1.81 0.57